sábado, 21 de enero de 2023
Regular la cocaina
miércoles, 18 de enero de 2023
Regulating cocaine
Regulating Cocaine
by Pablo De La Cruz, 16 January 2023
THE CONSCIENTIOUS ENVIRONMENTALIST
We talk freely, informed, sciency, but always opinionated https://silvatropica.com/443406014/cocaine
In my own imagination, the war in Colombia had a name: Cocaine. I have never tried it, nor have I ever been curious about it. At the mere mention of the word "cocaine", I feel as if I am invoking dark forces. Entering an evil tunnel that is best left unnamed, unthought of. A product made with several harmful elements that end up causing a strong dependency in consumers and many counterproductive side effects. And whose consumption is directly responsible for sustaining the criminal structures that support the business.
I was born in Colombia to a middle-class family and had a peaceful childhood. The war between guerrillas, paramilitaries, and the army was mostly seen on television for many Colombians like me. However, we also saw it happening in cities during the 1980s and 1990s. Bombs exploded in Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, kidnappings, assassinations, and forced displacement of thousands of people from rural and jungle areas. This conflict shifted from political to one about control of power through drug trafficking. Sustaining the war meant financial gain, and this was well understood by guerrillas, paramilitaries, politicians and war businessmen, who profited from the sale of cocaine.
Time has passed since those two decades that I remember as a nightmare, peace agreements have been signed between the government, the guerrillas, and the paramilitaries. Thousands of farmers, women, young people, students have died in this conflict, and it is still happening as I write these lines. Activists, academics, and researchers have made significant efforts to understand and resolve the conflict by identifying and addressing the underlying social structures that fuel it. Despite their achievements, the problem persists as new individuals continue to become involved in the conflict, driven by various personal motives such as financial gain, desire for change, and the need to support their families.
As a sociologist who is not dedicated to issues related to the armed conflict, I am at least interested in reading a little about those who analyses it, academics, journalists, and testimonies. I know that the armed conflict that Colombia still experiences is very complex and that attacking certain causalities is unlikely to change its course. I know that the problem of drug trafficking is a consequence of social exclusion, violent dispossession, the weakness of the state and the absence of its institutions in large parts of the country. It has also been documented that drug trafficking is one of the main determinants of deforestation in Colombia, but not, as some politicians would have us believe, only because of the increase in the number of hectares planted with coca, but to a greater extent because of the effect of money laundering in land grabbing through the clearing of the jungle.
The entry of drug trafficking into the violence equation in Colombia was a trigger for the worst waves of violence ever experienced. The money that enters through this activity is hoarded and used not for the productivity and sustainability of the land but is a direct cause of biodiversity loss and land use change. One of the main sources of carbon emissions into the atmosphere. One of the major differences between drug trafficking and the other causes associated with violence is that it arises voluntarily, because of the position of the world's governments towards what they consider to be dangerous substances. In the early 20th century, substance prohibition was linked to fringe issues in different parts of the United States, resulting in the prohibition of cocaine. In the 1970s and 1980s, the proliferation of routes carrying cocaine paste from Latin American countries led to its proliferation among consumers mostly in the global North. The market for cocaine, and other substances such as heroin, made it a major supplier of money for armed actors to wage war.
Now, I am going to provide my modest opinion on what could be done: regulating cocaine. That substance that frightened me so much and that I heard the devil himself incarnate in my childhood is, to a large extent, the substance that could allow a significant change in the structure that feeds the war and the conflict in Colombia. It is illegal, addictive and highly demanded, it is the perfect balm that greases the corrupt, criminal and degenerative machines of society. “Blanco es, y gallina lo pone”—“it’s white and the hen lays it” is a popular saying used when one has a riddle or a problem whose solution is obvious. If its status were changed from "illegal" to "regulated", what would happen? If at some point cocaine users had the possibility of accessing a product through state institutions, in charge of providing treatment from a public health approach, and that, consumers had access to a product designed with technical specifications that reduce and minimize the harmful effects, what would happen?
Imagine. The issue of drugs is something that is decided at the international level. It is difficult for a single country to take the step of regulating cocaine, its bad reputation does not put it on the same level as marijuana or mushrooms, which have been legalized in some countries. However, not all countries have the same perspective on this issue. I have read that the countries that are most resistant to legalizing cocaine include those in the East, Muslim-majority countries, and outliers such as Russia. It can be difficult to expect countries that criminalize the LGBTQ+ community or restrict the autonomy of women to legalize cocaine.But what about Europe, the EU, Latin America, the UK? It is obviously a difficult step to make, where fragments of their societies have argued that the way to combat drug addiction and the psychosocial consequences of substance use is not by illegalizing, prohibiting, and trying to hide the problem "under the table", in overcrowded, expensive, unhappy prisons which are perfect laboratories for crime to reproduce.
In a scenario that favors the legalization of drugs, it is the health institutions of the countries that are making progress in the recognition of individual rights that will have to come to an agreement to design the first regulatory policies. These should allow for the control of the supply chain of substances, as well as defining medical and psychological treatments for the care and prevention of illnesses. It has already started, at least with the so-called "soft" drugs.
I do not mean to suggest that regulating cocaine will necessarily solve all issues of inequality, statelessness, exclusion, and lack of opportunities for young people in countries such as Colombia, Venezuela, Peru, Mexico, El Salvador, and many others. However, I would emphasize that addressing the issue of drug trafficking is a crucial step in addressing the other root causes of the conflict. Additionally, in terms of reducing deforestation, legalizing cocaine could divert resources away from individuals and groups who use illegal logging and cattle ranching to launder money from drug trafficking.
lunes, 19 de diciembre de 2022
Epílogo de un inadvertido paseo
El epilogo viene
así, como no queriendo pero si queriendo, sabiendo que en el movimiento es más
posible que el agua encuentre curso, que no se estanque y sirva a otros que la
beban. En el fin de las semanas queda la sensación que la vida otorga asi sea a
poquiticos, y eso que creemos poco después sabemos que es lo suficiente. Las
cajas han llegado, las cosas se ven más pasajeras que cuando llegaron, los
planes y los sueños se hacen grandes, la incertidumbre todo lo acompaña y el
tiempo avanza, avanza y no se detiene. Se acerca el día, que no sé cuándo es,
de irnos de Chile, de terminar un inadvertido paseo.
Llega una energía
Cuando todo pasa por la cabeza
Se ve como un hilo, que empieza en el centro y se enrolla hacia sí mismo, llega, no sé a dónde, pero parece posarse sobre algo que prefiere no decir, trae recuerdos del pasado, cuando las palabras tenían el color de las que tienen ahora, emocionales, sentimentales, sensibles, enroscadas hacia sí mismas. Luego me separo un poco más, y veo que el hilo hace vueltas que dilatan la percepción y la vibración. Para que sentir, pensar, creer, crear, sino está el trascender, hay que buscarlo, hay que aprender algo nuevo que ayude a ello, hay que amar el trascender, para que pase, solo se puede por medio ya no del enrosque hacia sí mismo, sino en el desenrosque de la emocionalidad y la concentración en la realización, en el despliegue de las mejores facultades, en el despertar de la energía y el alineamiento de los centros energéticos. Así se salta de esa voz emocional y afectada a una más bien sensible y tranquila, capaz de tomar decisiones difíciles, capaz de amar la verdad, de sentir con el amor, y permanecer ahí. Antes de escribirle, escribo, yo, escribo no se para quien, ni se porque me lo pregunto, pero escribo, y no paro, cuando para, no pasa la escena a la siguiente, y me siento como repitiendo un año, otra vez, con barba y pasado de años, con niños al lado en un salón de la campiña Rejus. Pero todo ha pasado, incluso esa campíña pasará y al final llegaremos a una suerte de trascender si o si, pues es quizá destino, o mas bien el sin sentido de la física, cualquiera que sea ahí vamos. No quedarme tanto en las formas sino en el fluido natural que lleva a, sin dramatismos de que tal que mañana bla bla bla, sin la anestesia de la incompasión que me hace actuar como si nada pasara, porque no es asi, es importante y hay que darle el tratamiento de algo importante, hay que darle tratamiento. El frio va cumpliendo su misión y ahora hace falta encender el fuego, con la responsabilidad de que no salga el humo que nos ahoque. Me voy en idealizaciones y sucesos, en pensamientos de hoy sobre un pasado que inventé, pero que no inventé solo claro que no, sino con otros y otras que estuvimos ahí, compartiendo la existencia y aprendiendo el uno del otro.
Cuando todo pasa
por la cabeza, cuando se recuerda con intensidad, cuando se escribe en un
invierno chileno, parece que las palabras se saltan del cerebro directo al
teclado. Como fue que todo esto devino, no lo sé, solo sé que así fue que
empezó todo, con él a mi lado, con mi hermano. Fuimos hechos de la misma madre
y el mismo padre, nacimos con un año y algo de diferencia, crecimos juntos,
bajo el mismo techo hasta algo así como los 24, 25, más o menos. Tan solo la
posibilidad de pensar que algún día el pudiera leer estas palabras, que si
están aquí en el internet quizá la posibilidad exista, un poco, al menos, me
hace sobresaltarme y encender el pecho de emociones, bajo un presente difícil
al cual nunca quise llegar, pero seguro colaboré. Soy humano, y así como tengo
todos los defectos que mi hermano conoce de mí, tengo muchos otros más que él
ni conoce, así que no abogo ningún tipo de superioridad moral en nada, tan solo
opero como voy APRENDIENDO EN LA VIDA, perdón por si alguna vez mi vida lo ha
hecho sentir amenazado, o debilitado, o lo que sea que no corresponda al
sentimiento amoroso que permanece.
Mi mamá llamó,
desde Santa Marta, me mostró el trópico, el centro histórico de la ciudad, me
dice que está feliz, que espera a mi papa. Ojala llegue, para que al menos algo
de final feliz tenga esto, ojala llegue y se acompañen.